All personal and medical information is potentially sensitive, so inevitably there are ethical issues that must be considered. For example, this information must be treated with the appropriate confidentiality to minimise possible misuse of the information. These issues also apply to genetic information, especially as it is associated in many people's minds with particularly sensitive topics. These include: eugenics, using genetic information to justify so-called ethnic cleansing; cloning, potentially making identical copies of individuals; and embryonic stem cells, using human-derived tissue as a means of treating diseases. However, genetic information that is used for pharmacogenomics is distinct from these uses: instead, pharmacogenomics focuses on results that can help identify who will respond well to a medicine, and who may be at greater risk of developing side effects.